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Angeles Tunnel : ウィキペディア英語版
Angeles Tunnel

The Angeles Tunnel is a , 〔''Pyramid Lake'' 2000, p. 1, and "South SWP Hydropower", Calif. Dept. of Water Resources. At least one source claims the tunnel is long and in diameter (see Roach 2008, p. 235).〕 water tunnel located in the Sierra Pelona Mountains in Los Angeles County, California, about north of Los Angeles.〔"Angeles Tunnel", U.S. Geological Survey.〕〔''Pyramid Lake'' 2000, p. 1.〕〔American Society 1970, p. 131.〕 It was constructed between 1967 and 1970 as part of the California State Water Project and serves as the final leg of the west branch of the California Aqueduct, which carries Northern California water to Southern California residents.〔〔Roach 2008, p. 235.〕
The tunnel also supplies water to the adjacent Castaic Power Plant, a pumped-storage hydroelectricity generation facility.〔〔''Castaic Lake'' 2007.〕〔"South SWP Hydropower", Calif. Dept. of Water Resources.〕 To facilitate power generation, the tunnel's flow is bidirectional. During on-peak energy-demand hours, water flows downhill through the tunnel, starting at an elevation of in Pyramid Lake, and then falling over to the turbines of the Castaic Power Plant at .〔〔"Pyramid Lake", U.S. Geological Survey.〕〔"Castaic Powerplant", U.S. Geological Survey.〕 The water is then stored in the Elderberry Forebay, adjacent to Castaic Lake. During off-peak hours, water is pumped uphill through the tunnel in the opposite direction from Elderberry Forebay and returned to Pyramid Lake.〔 This operation reduces the energy cost of moving water along the California Aqueduct.〔
==See also==

* California State Water Project
* California Aqueduct

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